Round 3

Albert Schweitzer (January 14, 1875-September 4, 1965) ... Albert Schweitzer died on September 4, 1965, and was buried at Lambaréné.

Source summary (model-reported)

The Nobel Foundation describes Schweitzer as a theologian who became a doctor in Africa, a philosopher associated with “reverence for life,” and a humanitarian who dedicated himself to medical work and building a hospital in Africa. It states that he received the Nobel Peace Prize for his philosophy and humanitarian work.

Source summary (model-reported)

The Nobel biography identifies Schweitzer as a theological scholar, internationally known concert organist, musicologist, physician, and founder of an African hospital. It describes his theological writings, musical career, medical schooling, and work in Africa.

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The Nobel nomination archive lists his professions as Doctor of Philosophy, Theology and Medicine, musician and missionary, and says he was nominated for humanitarian work on a religious basis. It describes his medical mission in Gabon and the hospital he established at Lambaréné.

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NobelPrize.org identifies Schweitzer's role as “Missionary surgeon; Founder of Lambaréné” and describes him as a “Doctor, Missionary, Philosopher and Musician.” It states that he gave numerous organ concerts in Europe to finance the hospital in Africa.

Source summary (model-reported)

The biography says that much of Schweitzer's fame as a theological scholar rested on The Quest of the Historical Jesus, and highlights his medical education and African hospital. It also describes him as an internationally known concert organist.

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The Nobel nomination describes Schweitzer as a doctor of philosophy, theology, and medicine; musician and missionary, and says he was nominated for humanitarian work. It notes that he entered medical school to qualify as a mission doctor and set up a hospital at Lambaréné.

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Albert Schweitzer received his Nobel Prize ... for his altruism, reverence for life, and tireless humanitarian work which has helped making the idea of brotherhood between men and nations a living one. Role: Missionary surgeon; Founder of Lambaréné.

Source summary (model-reported)

Albert Schweitzer was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for his philosophy of “reverence for life” and tireless humanitarian work. A theologian, Albert Schweitzer changed his course ... after reading of the desperate need for medical assistance.

Source summary (model-reported)

His fame as a theological scholar rested on The Quest of the Historical Jesus. He was also internationally known as a concert organist and wrote works on Bach and organ building and playing.

Source summary (model-reported)

NobelPrize.org identifies Albert Schweitzer's role as “Missionary surgeon; Founder of Lambaréné” and describes him as “Doctor, Missionary, Philosopher and Musician.”

Source summary (model-reported)

The biography describes Schweitzer as a theological scholar, musicologist, performer, doctor and surgeon, pastor, administrator, and writer of scholarly books.

Born: 14 January 1875, Kaysersberg, Germany (now France) Died: 4 September 1965, Lambaréné, Gabon

Role: Missionary surgeon; Founder of Lambaréné (République de Gabon). Prize motivation: “for his altruism, reverence for life, and tireless humanitarian work...”

Source summary (model-reported)

Albert Schweitzer was recognized as an internationally known concert organist, became a musicologist and performer, studied medicine, and went to Africa as a medical missionary.

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Albert Schweitzer was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for his philosophy of “reverence for life” and tireless humanitarian work. The hospital in Lambaréné became his life’s work.

Source summary (model-reported)

In 1906 he published The Quest of the Historical Jesus, a book on which much of his fame as a theological scholar rests. ... recognized as a concert organist, internationally known.

Source summary (model-reported)

Role: Missionary surgeon; Founder of Lambaréné ... Albert Schweitzer was also a gifted musician and interpreter of Bach. He gave numerous organ concerts in Europe to finance the hospital in Africa.

The Nobel Peace Prize 1952 was awarded to Albert Schweitzer "for his altruism, reverence for life, and tireless humanitarian work".

Source summary (model-reported)

Albert Schweitzer was an Alsatian-German theologian, philosopher, organist, and mission doctor in equatorial Africa, who received the 1952 Nobel Prize for Peace.

Source summary (model-reported)

The Nobel Foundation identifies Schweitzer's role as “Missionary surgeon; Founder of Lambaréné” and describes him as a doctor, missionary, philosopher, and musician. It says he received the prize for humanitarian work and the idea of brotherhood between men and nations.

Source summary (model-reported)

The Nobel Foundation describes him as a theologian who became a doctor in Africa, dedicated himself to building and running a hospital, and received the Nobel Peace Prize for his philosophy of “reverence for life” and humanitarian work.

Role: Missionary surgeon; Founder of Lambaréné (République de Gabon). Prize motivation: “for his altruism, reverence for life, and tireless humanitarian work...” Albert Schweitzer was also a gifted musician and interpreter of Bach.

Albert Schweitzer was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for his philosophy of “reverence for life” and tireless humanitarian work.

Source summary (model-reported)

The presentation describes Schweitzer as a well-known scholar in theology and philosophy, an author on Bach, and a world-renowned interpreter of Bach’s music; it also discusses his decision to become a doctor and put his ideals into practice.

Source summary (model-reported)

Schweitzer undertook intensive theological studies, obtained a doctorate in philosophy and a licentiate in theology, and began preaching in 1899. He later studied medicine and became known internationally as an organist.

Source summary (model-reported)

The Nobel Prize page describes Schweitzer as a theologian and devout Christian, but also says he was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for his philosophy of “reverence for life” and tireless humanitarian work. It describes his transition from minister to doctor in Africa.

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The page identifies his role as “Missionary surgeon; Founder of Lambaréné,” states that “reverence for life” was the key to his personal philosophy, and says he studied theology and became a priest before studying medicine.

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The University at Albany reports that Albert Schweitzer "spoke out against nuclear weapons testing in 1957 and 1958" and describes his "antinuclear activism" and role as a critic of nuclear weapons.

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In the 1950s and 1960s Schweitzer used his fame to campaign against the proliferation of nuclear weapons, and in 1957 he broadcast an "Appeal to Humanity" criticizing the use of atom bombs.

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NobelPrize.org states that Albert Schweitzer received the Nobel Peace Prize for his philosophy of "reverence for life" and tireless humanitarian work, and identifies peace as the subject of his Nobel lecture.

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Albert Schweitzer Nobel Peace Prize 1952 ... Role: Missionary surgeon; Founder of Lambaréné ... Together with his wife, who was a nurse, he built and ran a hospital at the mission station Lambarene in Gabon.

Source summary (model-reported)

Albert Schweitzer (born Jan. 14, 1875 ... died Sept. 4, 1965 ...) was an Alsatian-German theologian, philosopher, organist, and mission doctor in equatorial Africa.

Source summary (model-reported)

The Nobel Prize biography describes Schweitzer's decision to go to Africa as a medical missionary, his medical studies, and his founding of a hospital at Lambaréné in French Equatorial Africa.

Source summary (model-reported)

The University at Albany reports that Schweitzer spoke out against nuclear weapons testing in 1957 and 1958 and describes the subject as Schweitzer's role as a critic of nuclear weapons.

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The article distinguishes Schweitzer's humanitarian work in Africa from King's work in the United States, stating that Schweitzer taught whites in Europe and the United States about a moral obligation concerning colonialism, while King addressed racism; it also says Schweitzer knew of King but never acknowledged him publicly.

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The article describes Schweitzer's “apparent endorsement” of apartheid in a conversation, while also stating that he was “known on other occasions to have fiercely condemned apartheid.” It additionally discusses his paternalistic and racist attitudes toward Africans.

Source summary (model-reported)

The Nobel Prize site summarizes Schweitzer as awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for his philosophy of “reverence for life” and tireless humanitarian work. The same page separately describes Albert Lutuli as awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for his non-violent struggle against apartheid in South Africa.

Source summary (model-reported)

The Nobel Prize Foundation identifies Schweitzer's role as “Missionary surgeon; Founder of Lambaréné (République de Gabon)” and says his prize recognized his “tireless humanitarian work.” It also states that he and his wife built and ran a hospital at Lambaréné in Gabon.

Source summary (model-reported)

Britannica describes Schweitzer as an Alsatian-German theologian, philosopher, organist, and mission doctor in equatorial Africa. It says he established a hospital in Lambaréné, Gabon, where he devoted himself to philanthropic work, and received the 1952 Nobel Peace Prize.

Source summary (model-reported)

The Nobel nomination archive states that Schweitzer entered medical school to qualify as a mission doctor in Gabon and that in 1913 he and his wife set up a hospital at Lambaréné. It characterizes his nomination as being for humanitarian work on a religious basis.

Source summary (model-reported)

NobelPrize.org identifies Albert Schweitzer's role as “Missionary surgeon; Founder of Lambaréné” and states that the prize was awarded “for his altruism, reverence for life, and tireless humanitarian work which has helped making the idea of brotherhood between men and nations a living one.”

Source summary (model-reported)

The Nobel biography describes Schweitzer's decision to become a medical missionary, his founding of a hospital at Lambaréné, his work there as doctor and surgeon, and his continuing musical and scholarly careers.

Source summary (model-reported)

Britannica characterizes Schweitzer as an Alsatian-German theologian, philosopher, organist, and mission doctor in equatorial Africa, and says he received the 1952 Nobel Prize for Peace for his efforts on behalf of “the Brotherhood of Nations.”

In 1913 he arrived at Lambaréné where he and his wife set up a hospital. He spent most of his life at Lambaréné, although he was still preoccupied with philosophical problems.

Source summary (model-reported)

In 1913, having obtained his M.D. degree, he founded his hospital at Lambaréné in French Equatorial Africa... Released in 1918, Schweitzer spent the next six years in Europe... Schweitzer returned to Lambaréné in 1924.

Source summary (model-reported)

He built and ran a hospital at the mission station Lambarene in Gabon... He gave numerous organ concerts in Europe to finance the hospital in Africa.

Schweitzer returned to Lambaréné in 1924 and except for relatively short periods of time, spent the remainder of his life there. At Lambaréné, he was doctor and surgeon in the hospital, pastor of a congregation, administrator of a village.

Together with his wife, who was a nurse, he built and ran a hospital at the mission station Lambarene in Gabon. Albert Schweitzer was also a gifted musician and interpreter of Bach. He gave numerous organ concerts in Europe to finance the hospital in Africa.

Source summary (model-reported)

In 1913, Schweitzer went to Lambaréné, Gabon, with his wife, Hélène. He built a hospital there and devoted himself to philanthropic work, treating patients.

Source summary (model-reported)

Albert Schweitzer ... Role: Missionary surgeon; Founder of Lambaréné (République de Gabon) ... Together with his wife, who was a nurse, he built and ran a hospital at the mission station Lambarene in Gabon ... He gave numerous organ concerts in Europe to finance the hospital in Africa.

Source summary (model-reported)

Originally a student of theology and philosophy, he entered medical school in 1905 in order to qualify as a mission doctor in Gabon ... In 1913 he arrived at Lambaréné where he and his wife set up a hospital. He spent most of his life at Lambaréné.

Source summary (model-reported)

In 1913 ... he founded his hospital at Lambaréné in French Equatorial Africa ... Schweitzer returned to Lambaréné in 1924 and except for relatively short periods of time, spent the remainder of his life there.

Source summary (model-reported)

Albert Schweitzer ... Born: 14 January 1875, Kaysersberg, Germany (now France); Died: 4 September 1965, Lambaréné, Gabon; Residence at the time of the award: France; Role: Missionary surgeon; Founder of Lambaréné (République de Gabon).

Source summary (model-reported)

Schweitzer dedicated himself to medical studies, seeking to build and run a hospital in Africa. The hospital in Lambaréné became his life's work. He also gave numerous organ concerts in Europe to finance the hospital in Africa.

Source summary (model-reported)

In 1913, Schweitzer went to Lambaréné, Gabon, with his wife ... He built a hospital in Lambaréné in French Equatorial Africa (now Gabon), where they devoted themselves to philanthropic work.

In 1913 he arrived at Lambaréné where he and his wife set up a hospital. He spent most of his life at Lambaréné, although he was still preoccupied with philosophical problems.

Source summary (model-reported)

Albert Schweitzer is identified as a missionary surgeon and founder of Lambaréné. The source states that he and his wife built and ran a hospital at the mission station in Gabon, while he also gave organ concerts in Europe to finance the hospital in Africa.

Source summary (model-reported)

Schweitzer went to Lambaréné in French Equatorial Africa, now Gabon, in 1913 to work as a mission doctor, where he and his wife built a hospital and devoted themselves to philanthropic work.

Source summary (model-reported)

Britannica describes Schweitzer as a mission doctor in equatorial Africa who built a hospital in Lambaréné in French Equatorial Africa, now Gabon, where he and his wife devoted themselves to philanthropic work.

Source summary (model-reported)

The Nobel Prize biography identifies Schweitzer's role as missionary surgeon and founder of Lambaréné, and states that he and his wife built and ran a hospital at the mission station in Gabon. It characterizes his recognized work as altruistic and humanitarian.

Source summary (model-reported)

The Nobel Prize account says Schweitzer went to the French colony of Gabon, where the hospital in Lambaréné became his life's work, and that he received the Nobel Peace Prize for his philosophy and tireless humanitarian work.

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The article states that Schweitzer did not appear to oppose colonialism itself, while noting his neutrality regarding forced labor and describing criticism of him as a colonialist and racist.

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The article reports that Schweitzer used his authority against any early granting of independence and describes African criticism of his paternalist attitude and implicit racism.

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The source says Schweitzer condemned brutal exploitation by European colonial powers and viewed humanitarian work as atonement, but also reports criticism of his paternalistic manner.

Source summary (model-reported)

The Nobel Prize biography emphasizes Schweitzer's medical missionary work, his hospital at Lambaréné, his musical career as an organist, and his Nobel Peace Prize. It does not identify LGBTQ-rights advocacy among his recognized activities.

Source summary (model-reported)

Britannica presents Schweitzer as an Alsatian-German theologian, philosopher, and physician, and discusses his moral philosophy and influence. The retrieved biography does not describe him as an advocate of LGBTQ rights.

Source summary (model-reported)

The account discusses Schweitzer's ethics of reverence for life, responsibility, concrete humanity, and moral rights involving people, plants, and animals. It does not identify advocacy for LGBTQ rights.

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The Johns Hopkins University Press describes Schweitzer as “a catalyst of environmental and peace activism” and says he is celebrated as a pioneer of medical service, philosopher, and musical scholar.

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The article reports that Albert Schweitzer was viewed as “the founding father of the environmental movement,” in a statement about cooperation on environmental issues.

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The publication discusses Schweitzer’s environmentalist thought and quotes his view that ethics deals not only with people but also with creatures, describing kindly conduct toward non-human life as a natural requirement of existence.

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Britannica describes Schweitzer as an Alsatian-German theologian, philosopher, organist, and mission doctor in equatorial Africa. It says he received the 1952 Nobel Peace Prize for work on behalf of the “Brotherhood of Nations” and established a hospital in Lambaréné, now in Gabon.

Source summary (model-reported)

The Nobel Prize biography identifies Albert Schweitzer's role as “Missionary surgeon; Founder of Lambaréné (République de Gabon)” and states that the prize recognized his altruism, reverence for life, and tireless humanitarian work.

Source summary (model-reported)

The Nobel Prize account says Schweitzer dedicated himself to medical studies, sought to build and run a hospital in Africa, and that the hospital in Lambaréné became his life's work.

Source summary (model-reported)

Britannica identifies Schweitzer as an Alsatian theologian, philosopher, organist, and mission doctor in equatorial Africa. It notes that he built a hospital in Lambaréné, now in Gabon, and received the 1952 Nobel Peace Prize for humanitarian efforts.

Source summary (model-reported)

The Nobel Prize record describes Albert Schweitzer as a missionary surgeon and founder of Lambaréné, awarding him the 1952 Peace Prize for altruism, reverence for life, and tireless humanitarian work. It also identifies him as a philosopher and musician.

Source summary (model-reported)

An Oxford Academic chapter states that Schweitzer pioneered animal rights and modern environmental movements through a biocentric ethic. The retrieved description does not associate this work with Kenya.

Source summary (model-reported)

Schweitzer built a hospital in Lambaréné in French Equatorial Africa (now Gabon), where he and his wife devoted themselves to philanthropic work. He received the 1952 Nobel Prize for Peace for his work on behalf of the "Brotherhood of Nations."

Role: Missionary surgeon; Founder of Lambaréné (République de Gabon). Prize motivation: “for his altruism, reverence for life, and tireless humanitarian work which has helped making the idea of brotherhood between men and nations a living one”.

Albert Schweitzer was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for his philosophy of “reverence for life” and tireless humanitarian work. The hospital in Lambaréné became his life’s work.

Source summary (model-reported)

Albert Schweitzer was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1952. He was a missionary surgeon and founder of Lambaréné in Gabon. Together with his wife, he built and ran a hospital at the mission station Lambaréné in Gabon. The source describes his philosophy as “reverence for life” and his work as altruistic, humanitarian service.

Source summary (model-reported)

Albert Schweitzer was an Alsatian-German theologian, philosopher, organist, and mission doctor in equatorial Africa, who received the 1952 Nobel Prize for Peace. He and his wife went to Lambaréné in Gabon, where they built and maintained his hospital for philanthropic work.

Source summary (model-reported)

The source discusses environmental degradation in Nigeria’s Niger Delta and presents Schweitzer’s “Reverence for Life” philosophy as a framework for rethinking environmental conservation there. It describes the relevance of his philosophy to the region, not environmental activism by Schweitzer himself in Nigeria.

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The Nobel presentation speech recounts that when a boy persuaded Schweitzer to go bird hunting, Schweitzer scared off the birds before the boy could shoot.

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The page states that Schweitzer did help animals and was opposed to hunting, while also noting that he was not a vegetarian in his personal life or at his hospital.

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The Maison Albert Schweitzer account describes Schweitzer's respect for all forms of life, including animal and plant life, and discusses safeguarding biological diversity and caring for thousands of animals at the hospital.

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NobelPrize.org identifies Albert Schweitzer as a missionary surgeon and founder of Lambaréné, and describes his prize motivation as recognition for his altruism, reverence for life, and tireless humanitarian work.

Source summary (model-reported)

Britannica describes Schweitzer as a mission doctor who went to Lambaréné in 1913, built a hospital there, and devoted himself with his wife to philanthropic work treating patients.

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The article discusses Schweitzer's hospital in Gabon and explains that people could associate him with gorillas because of his location in Gabon; it does not describe him as protecting gorillas.

Albert Schweitzer was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for his philosophy of “reverence for life” and tireless humanitarian work.

Source summary (model-reported)

Schweitzer dedicated the last six decades of his life to humanitarian work. The book describes his attempt to practice modern medicine and surgery in Africa and establish a hospital at Lambaréné; wild elephant raids are described as part of the setting and difficulties he faced.

Source summary (model-reported)

Albert Schweitzer received the 1952 Nobel Peace Prize. The page identifies his role as missionary surgeon and founder of Lambaréné, and describes his philosophy of “reverence for life,” humanitarian work, and musical career.

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Britannica identifies Albert Schweitzer as an Alsatian-German theologian, philosopher, and physician, and discusses his philosophy of “reverence for life” involving all living things and his international recognition.

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The Jane Goodall Institute states that Jane Goodall is best known for groundbreaking research on wild chimpanzee communities, and that she established a chimpanzee rehabilitation center and pursued conservation work.

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Britannica states that Albert Schweitzer was born on January 14, 1875, in Kaysersberg, Upper Alsace, Germany, now in France.

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The page states that Schweitzer was born on 14 January 1875 in Kaysersberg in Alsace, then part of the Imperial Territory of Alsace-Lorraine in the German Empire.

The Maison Albert Schweitzer timeline quotes Schweitzer as saying: “I was born on 14 January 1875 in Kaysersberg, in Upper Alsace.”

Source summary (model-reported)

Role: Missionary surgeon; Founder of Lambaréné (République de Gabon). Prize motivation: “for his altruism, reverence for life, and tireless humanitarian work...” The page also describes him as a doctor, missionary, philosopher and musician.

Source summary (model-reported)

Albert Schweitzer was an Alsatian-German theologian, philosopher, organist, and mission doctor in equatorial Africa, who received the 1952 Nobel Prize for Peace. He became a doctor and established and rebuilt a hospital at Lambaréné.

Source summary (model-reported)

Schweitzer and his wife set off for the Lambaréné mission station. The hospital in Lambaréné became his life’s work; he raised funds for materials, medicine and equipment and donated his prize money to the hospital.

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The source states that Schweitzer had thought of the Zambezi and, for a time, Madagascar, but that “in the end, it was the Congo that was chosen for his services.”

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The Nobel Prize biography identifies Schweitzer as a minister who became a doctor in Africa and shows him before his departure to his hospital at Lambaréné in French Equatorial Africa.

Source summary (model-reported)

Britannica describes Schweitzer as an Alsatian-German theologian, philosopher, and physician, and discusses his philosophy of “reverence for life” involving all living things.

Source summary (model-reported)

Albert Schweitzer was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for his philosophy of “reverence for life” and tireless humanitarian work. ... The hospital in Lambaréné became his life’s work.

Source summary (model-reported)

Schweitzer built a hospital in Lambaréné in French Equatorial Africa (now Gabon), where he and his wife, Hélène Bresslau, devoted themselves to philanthropic work. He is renowned for his theological work and was awarded the 1952 Nobel Peace Prize.

Source summary (model-reported)

NobelPrize.org identifies Albert Schweitzer as a “Missionary surgeon; Founder of Lambaréné (République de Gabon)” and says he and his wife built and ran a hospital at the Lambaréné mission station in Gabon. It describes his prize recognition in terms of altruism, reverence for life, and humanitarian work.

Source summary (model-reported)

Britannica states that Schweitzer built a hospital in Lambaréné in French Equatorial Africa, now Gabon, where he and his wife devoted themselves to philanthropic work. It describes his role as a mission doctor and his work as medical and philanthropic.

Source summary (model-reported)

Britannica describes Albert Schweitzer as an Alsatian-German theologian, philosopher, organist, and mission doctor in equatorial Africa. It states that he founded and later rebuilt a hospital at Lambaréné in Gabon.

Source summary (model-reported)

The Nobel Prize biography identifies Schweitzer as a doctor, missionary, philosopher, and musician, and presents “reverence for life” as the key to his personal philosophy. It does not identify Zimbabwe wildlife conservation as an association.

Source summary (model-reported)

The Nobel Prize biographical page states that Schweitzer founded his hospital at Lambaréné in French Equatorial Africa in 1913 and returned there after World War I to continue his medical work.